基于统计数据的分体式空调系统泄漏点及成因分析

Leakage Components and Causes Analysis of Split Air-conditioning System Based on Statistical Data

环保类工质应用于空调系统已成为当前研究热点,但其可燃性不容忽视,一旦发生泄漏则存在巨大安全隐患。本文基于某高市场占有率的空调厂家的统计数据,利用故障树分析法建立了分体式空调系统泄漏模型,并对其泄漏成因及泄漏位置进行定性定量分析。结果表明:分体式空调室外侧发生泄漏的概率约为2.72×10^(-3),高于室内侧泄漏的概率(2.74×10^(-4))。其中,各部位发生泄漏的可能性由高到低依次为:室外侧管路连接喇叭口>冷凝器>四通阀>二通阀(室外侧),蒸发器配管>蒸发器弯头>蒸发器进出口连接管(室内侧);系统泄漏成因发生概率由高到低依次为:工艺缺陷>钎焊不当>操作不当>疲劳裂纹。分析结果可为深入研究分体式空调易漏点的选取提供数据支撑,为分体式空调泄漏防护提供一定的指导。

The application of environmentally friendly refrigerants to air-conditioning systems is receiving considerable research attention;however,the flammability of the refrigerants cannot be ignored.Leaks represent a significant potential safety hazard.In this study fault tree analysis is used to establish a split air-conditioning system leakage model using statistical data from an air-conditioning manufacturer with a high market share.A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the causes of leakage and the components involved,is conducted.The results show that the probability of leakage on the outdoor side of the split air-conditioning system is approximately 2.72×10^(-3),which is higher than the probability of 2.74×10^(-4) on the indoor side.The most likely components to become a source of leakage by descending probability on the outdoor side are the outdoor pipe connection bell mouth,condenser,four-way valve,and two-way valve.In contrast,on the indoor side the most likely components to become a source of leakage by descending probability are the evaporator piping,evaporator elbow,evaporator inlet,and outlet connecting pipe.The causes of system leakage by descending probability are process defects,improper brazing,improper operation,and fatigue cracks.This study provides data support for the in-depth study of the selection of leak-prone points for split air-conditioning systems and provides comprehensive guidance for leakage prevention.