变局与破局:法家现实主义外交思想阐释

Changing Situations and breaking the Ice:Interpretation of Legalist Realist Diplomatic Ideas

为了破解战国“大变局”中的国际“丛林法则”,完成天下统一的历史任务,法家提出了“尚力”“尚利”的现实主义外交思想,主张“实力至上”“独立自主”“治内裁外”的外交原则与方法。法家认为,国家必须以增强自身实力为首要任务,走独立自主的外交道路,并不断地发展改革内政,才能有效应对外部挑战,捍卫国家利益。法家现实主义外交思想对今天也不乏启示和镜鉴。当今世界是紧密相连的命运共同体,在新的历史大变局中,我们首先要努力增强国家“实力”来捍卫自身“实利”,同时还要着力构建新的国际秩序,增进人类的共同利益,做到“德”与“力”、“义”与“利”的统一。

In order to resolve the international Law of the Jungle in the turbulent situations of the Warring States Period and fulfill their historical responsibility of unification,the Legalists proposed the realist diplomatic thoughts of esteeming power and benefit.They advocated the diplomatic principles and methods of“strength first”,“independence”,and“domestic governance prior to diplomacy”.The Legalist considered that a nation must hold it as the top priority to strengthen its own power,seek an independent diplomatic route,and persistently develop and reform domestic affairs,so as to effectively cope with outside challenge and defend national interests.Their realist ideas on foreign affairs are still revelatory and inspiring at present.The world today is a closely-knit community of shared future.In the new historical situations full of changes,China should firstly strive to fortify national power to safeguard its own practical interests,and meanwhile endeavor to construct a new international order and promote the common interests of mankind,achieving the unification of morality and power,righteousness and interest.