玉米种子形态对窝眼轮式精量排种器性能的影响

Effects of Maize Seed Morphology on Seeding Performance of Precise Seed Metering Device of Socket-Roller

【目的】本文研究了玉米种子形态对窝眼轮式精量排种器性能的影响,为鉴选适合西南地区机播的玉米品种提供理论依据。【方法】选用西南地区审定推广的53个玉米品种,设置3种转速,用窝眼轮式精量排种器进行试验,研究各品种种子长、宽、厚等形态特征对重播、漏播等播种指标的影响。【结果】随播种器转速的增加,漏播率增大,重播率降低,窝眼轮式精量排种器转速以15 r/min为宜;籽粒长与漏播率呈极显著正相关关系,单粒重和单粒体积与重播率呈极显著负相关关系,籽粒长、单粒重和单粒体积,以及指标阈值可作为适合机播品种及种子分类的主要参考指标。【结论】通过测定不同转速下各品种的重漏率,筛选出成单30、荣玉188、正红505、绵单118、国豪玉13等27个品种适宜窝眼轮式精量排种器;种子长、单粒重和单粒体积是影响排种性能的主要因素。

【Objective】This study aimed to explore the effects of seed morphology on seeding performance of seed metering device of socket-roller.【Method】The experiment was conducted with using 53 maize varieties and 3 kinds of rotating speed under seed metering device of socket-rolle to investigate the effects of seed morphological characteristics such as seed length,seed width,seed thickness etc on sowing quality such as reseeding and miss-seeding etc.【Result】The miss-seeding rate increased and reseeding rate decreased as rotating speed of seeding device increased,and the appropriate rotating speed of precise seed metering device of socket-roller was 15 r/min;Positive correlation was found between seed length and miss-seeding rate,negative correlation was found between single seed weight and reseeding rate,single seed volume and reseeding rate.The controlling rotating speed of seed metering device of socket-roller that should pay attentionin the production and application,and seed length,single seed weight,single seed volume were chosen as the main reference indexes of seed grading.【Conclusion】Twenty seven maize varieties were suitable for seed metering device of socket-roller by measuring the missing sowing index under different rotating speed,which were Chendan30,Rongyu188,Zhenghong 505,Miandan 118,Guohaoyu13 and so on.The single seed weight and single seed volume were the major factor influencing the seeding performance.