两种不同材质留置针对脑血管造影患者置管相关并发症及舒适度的影响

Effects of two indwelling needles with different materials on catheterization-associated complications and comfort of cerebral angiography patients

目的探讨2种不同材质留置针对脑血管造影患者置管相关并发症及舒适度的影响。方法随机抽取2018年7月至2019年5月在河北省秦皇岛市第一医院神经内科住院并使用静脉留置针进行静脉输液治疗的患者120例,依照患者入院先后顺序进行编号,通过随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组60例,对照组采用普通静脉留置针,观察组采用正压无针连接式留置针,比较2组患者置管相关并发症、置管时间以及舒适度。结果观察组置管后24 h堵管、液体渗出、静脉炎发生率分别为0、1.67%(1/60)、0,与对照组的3.33%(2/60)、3.33%(2/60)、3.33%(2/60)比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)值为2.037、0.348、2.039,P>0.05);观察组置管后48 h堵管、液体渗出、静脉炎发生率分别为1.67%(1/60)、1.67%(1/60)、1.67%(1/60),与对照组的10.00%(6/60)、8.33%(5/60)、6.67%(4/60)比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)值为3.793、2.814、1.884,P>0.05);观察组置管后72 h堵管、液体渗出、静脉炎发生率均为3.33%(2/60),低于对照组的16.67%(10/60)、15.00%(9/60)、13.33%(8/60),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值为5.934、4.905、3.937,P<0.05);观察组置管后24 h、48 h、72 h冲管前、后液体单位时间的流速(506.15±66.84)、(483.55±36.87)、(410.62±41.66)ml/h,高于对照组的(474.77±45.71)、(417.80±22.14)、(310.87±20.96)ml/h,差异有统计学意义(t值为3.002、11.842、16.568,P<0.05);观察组舒适度评分(8.53±1.41)分,高于对照组的(7.97±1.23)分,留置针留置时间(84.45±8.95)h,长于对照组的(76.97±6.77)h,差异有统计学意义(t值为2.318、5.163,P<0.05)。结论正压无针连接式留置针可有效降低脑血管造影患者并发症发生率,提高置管期间舒适度。

Objective To explore the effects of two kinds of indwelling needles with different materials on catheterization related complications and comfort of patients undergoing cerebral angiography.Methods A total of 120 patients who were hospitalized in Neurology Department of Qinhuangdao First Hospital and were given venous indwelling needles for intravenous infusion from July 2018 to May 2019 were randomly enrolled.According to admission order,they were numbered and divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,60 cases in each group.The control group was given common intravenous indwelling needle,while observation group was given indwelling needle of positively pressurized needle-free link-reservation.The differences in catheterization related complications,catheterization time and comfort were compared between the two groups.Results At 24 h after catheterization,the incidence rates of tube blockage,fluid exudation and phlebitis in observation group were 0,1.67%(1/60),0,while 3.33%(2/60),3.33%(2/60),3.33%(2/60)in control group,there were no significant differences between the two groups(χ^(2) values were 2.037,0.348,2.039,P>0.05).At 48 h after catheterization,the incidence rates of tube blockage,fluid exudation and phlebitis in observation group were 1.67%(1/60),1.67%(1/60),1.67%(1/60),while 10.00%(6/60),8.33%(5/60),6.67%(4/60)in control group,there were no significant differences between the two groups(χ^(2) values were 3.793,2.814,1.884,P>0.05).At 72 h after catheterization,the incidence rates of tube blockage,fluid exudation and phlebitis in observation group were all 3.33%(2/60),which were lower than 16.67%(10/60),15.00%(9/60),13.33%(8/60)in control group,there were significant differences between the two groups(χ2 values were 5.934,4.905,3.937,P<0.05).At 24,48 and 72 h after catheterization,liquid flow rates per unit of time before and after tube flashing in observation group were(506.15±66.84),(483.55±36.87),(410.62±41.66)ml/h,which were higher than(474.77±45.71),(417.80±22.14),(310.87±20.96)ml/h in control group(t values were 3.002,11.842,16.568,P<0.05).The comfort score was(8.53±1.41)points in observation group,higher than(7.97±1.23)points in control group,and indwelling time of indwelling needles was(84.45±8.95)h in observation group,longer than(76.97±6.77)h in control group(t values were 2.318,5.163,P<0.05).Conclusions Indwelling needle of positively pressurized needlefree link-reservation can effectively reduce incidence of complications in patients undergoing cerebral angiography,and improve their comfort during catheterization.