审判委员会讨论决定案件法律适用问题的实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Application of Law in the Discussion and Decision of Judicial Committees

审判委员会讨论决定案件这一职能多为学界批评是对合议庭独立审判的干预。2019年新实施的《人民法院组织法》规定审判委员会讨论决定案件的法律适用问题,试图限定讨论决定的范围。但是通过实证研究发现,审判委员会讨论决定案件法律适用的比例仍然较低。经过对47个调研样本的类型化分析后,认为存在司法实务的形式主义、最高机关的犹豫矛盾以及审判委员会的功能属性三层原因,建议改革者转换思路,在保留审判委员会讨论决定案件职能的同时,限制其讨论的范围,给予法官更大的裁量空间。

The function of the judication committee to discuss and decide cases is criticized by scholars as an intervention in the independent trial of judges.The new Organic Law of the People's Courts,which came into force in 2019,attempts to limit the scope of discussion and decision by stipulating that judicial committees discuss the application of law in deciding cases.However,the empirical research shows that the proportion of judicial committee discussing and deciding the law application of cases is still low.After on the investigation of 47 samples of typed analysis,there are three reasons as the pragmatic judicature formalism,the extreme authority of the judicial practice of hesitation contradictions and the functional properties of judicial committee.A suggestion is made that at the same time the reformers can transform their mind,in case discussion and decision function of the judicial committee,limit the scope of the discussion,and to give greater discretion space of the judge.