论章太炎《齐物论释》中的“齐物哲学”

On"Qiwu Philosophy"in Zhang Taiyan's Interpretation of On the Equality of Things

在《齐物论释》中,章太炎先生构建了一套完整的被称为“齐物哲学”的哲学体系.这一哲学体系的目标,是通过排遣名相、证成真如,实现转俗成真,使得万事万物在“真”的层面上达到天然之齐,是谓“不齐之齐”;同时,批判公羊学历史观,消解文野,实现回真向俗,给予每一种现存的文明形态以合法性,是谓实现“平等性”.“真”—“俗”之间的关系是“齐物哲学”论述的核心内容,它以消解“俗”的方式证成“真”,事实上将“俗”的独立主体性无限放大,并使得“俗”可以保留各自的差异.在“齐物哲学”的框架中,“真”的一致性和“俗”的多样性并存,前者是后者的合法性依据,而后者是前者的现实落实.

In the Interpretation of ’On the Equality of Things’, Zhangtaiyan established a complete philosophic system called "Qiwu Philosophy"(Equality of All Things). The goal of this philosophical system is to realize the transformation from commonness to truth by dismissing the name and form and justifying truth so as to let everything reach the natural harmony on the level of "truth", which is called "uneven equality". At the same time, this system criticizes Gongyang’s historical view, dispels literary sects, realizes the returning to truth while yearning for commonness, and grants legitimacy to each existing civilization form, which is called the realization of "equality". The relationship between "truth" and "commonness" is the core content of the "Qiwu Philosophy". It justifies "truth" by dispelling "commonness". In fact, it enlarges the independent subjectivity of "commonness" infinitely, so that "commonness" can retain their differences. In the framework of "Qiwu Philosophy", the consistency of "truth" and the diversity of "commonness" coexist. The former is the legal basis of the latter, while the latter is the actual implementation of the former.