制动工况下汽车油箱的数值分析研究

Numerical Analysis and Research of Automobile Fuel Tank under Braking Conditions

汽车在紧急制动工况下会导致油箱中油液剧烈晃动,产生供给中断甚至损坏油箱结构等问题。以某种车辆燃油箱为研究对象,基于Fluent与Static structural模块对不同制动加速度下的汽车油箱中燃油晃动情况进行数值仿真分析。研究表明,油箱的最大压强位置总是出现在汽车运动方向的油箱壁面底处,制动加速度的增大会导致冲击型脉冲压力的出现;两种制动加速度下油箱壁面的最大应力远小于材料的屈服极限。研究结果为燃油箱的结构优化设计提供了数据支撑。

Under the condition of emergency braking,the oil in tank will shake violently,resulting in supply interruption and even damage to the structure of the tank.Taking a certain vehicle fuel tank as the research object,the numerical simulation analysis of fuel sloping in the vehicle fuel tank under different braking accelerations is carried out based on Fluent and Static structural modules.The research shows that,the maximum pressure position of the tank always appears at the bottom of the tank wall in the direction of vehicle movement,and the increase of braking acceleration will lead to the emergence of shock pulse pressure.The maximum stress on the wall of the fuel tank under the two braking accelerations is much smaller than the yield limit of the material.Research provides data support for the structural optimization design of fuel tank.