基于二层规划的水库主从目标调度模型及应用研究

Research on the Optimization and Application of Multi-objective Reservoir Operation Model Based on Bilevel Programming

随着经济社会发展,水资源供需矛盾突出,如何协调供水、发电等目标成为了水库调度的关键问题。一般模型将多目标调度概化为具有单一复合目标的唯一决策者,忽视了各职能部门间的领导服从层次关系。为此,研究基于二层规划理论,将各部门视作多决策主体,建立了上层以供水量最大为目标,下层以发电量最大为目标的优化模型。实例研究表明,该模型的上层供水目标得以优先保障,且兼顾了下层发电效益,反映了发电调度服从供水调度的决策机制。

With economic and social development,the conflict between water supply and demand is increasingly serious,and how to coordinate the goals of water supply and power generation has become a key problem in reservoir operation.The traditional multi-objective reservoir operation model usually simplifies the system to a single decision maker with a compound objective,which leads to the hierarchical relationship among the functional departments being ignored.Taking each functional department as an agent based on the theory of bilevel planning,the optimization model with the maximum water supply as the upper level objective and the maximum power generation as the lower level objective is proposed.In the case study,the upper water supply objective of the bilevel optimization model is guaranteed firstly,and at the same time,the lower power generation target is taken into account,which indicates that the decision-making mechanism of the power generation operation being subject to the water supply operation is described in the proposed model.