欺骗性信息:研究进展与展望

Disinformation:Research Progress and Prospects

[目的/意义]欺骗性信息(disinformation)是信息制造者或传播者基于政治或经济动机,以欺骗、误导为目的,蓄意传播的虚假信息。国外围绕欺骗性信息做了大量理论研究,梳理欺骗性信息研究进展,了解、跟踪国际学术动态,有助于我国学术界掌握学术话语权,为把握复杂多变的信息安全局势提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程]通过系统查阅文献及网络调研发现,欺骗性信息源于冷战时期的对敌情报实践;后逐步进入学术视野,融入多学科的研究方法和理论;近年来,受2016年美国大选风波和2019年新冠肺炎疫情的影响,在社交媒体环境中引起广泛讨论。[结果/结论]经过对研究进展的总结可以断言,欺骗性信息研究将成为学术研究的热点以及学术发展的方向。

[Purpose/significance]Disinformation is a type of false information that information makers or disseminators intentionally spread based on political or economic motives with the purpose of deception and misleading.A great deal of theoretical research has been made on disinformation abroad.Sorting out the research progress of disinformation and tracking the international academic trends is helpful for domestic research community to master the academic discourse power and can provide reference for understanding the complex and changeable information security situation.[Method/process]Through systematic literature review and network survey,we found that disinformation is the result of enemy intelligence practice in the cold war.Then it goes into the academic horizon gradually,and integrated with multidisciplinary research methods and theories.In recent years,affected by the 2016 US election crisis and the COVID-19 epidemic,disinformation has been widely discussed in the social media environment.[Result/conclusion]By summarizing the research progress,it can be asserted that the research of disinformation will become a hot topic and trend of future research.