外引水稻种质资源的品质评价与重要品质基因的基因型鉴定

Rice Quality Evaluating and Key Quality Genes Genotyping of Rice Germplasm Resources from Africa and Brazil

优质是水稻育种中最重要的育种目标之一,引进和评价水稻种质资源的品质对于筛选优质稻亲本和选育优质稻品种具有重要意义。本研究从非洲和巴西引进了28份水稻种质资源,在湖北武汉对这些种质资源进行了品质鉴定。结果表明,这些种质资源的加工品质和外观品质表现优异,但蒸煮食味品质较差。从中筛选出13份优质稻种质资源。不同品质性状间的相关性分析表明,加工品质、外观品质和蒸煮食味品质的相关性较低。对种质资源的GS3、Wx和ALK进行基因型鉴定,发现GS3和Wx均含有2种基因型,ALK含有3种基因型。其中Wx和ALK不同基因型之间的表型存在显著差异。研究结果将为优质稻育种提供重要的种质资源、基因资源和标记资源。

High quality is one of the most objectives in rice breeding, and introducing and evaluating the quality of rice germplasm are very important for screening novel parents with high quality and breeding high quality varieties. In this study, a total of 28 rice germplasm from Africa and Brazil were evaluated their milling quality,appearance quality and cooking and eating quality in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. The results showed the milling quality and appearance quality of most varieties were very high, but the cooking and eating quality of them were bad. Finally, 13 varieties with high quality were screened. The correlation analysis indicated that different traits among milling quality, appearance quality and cooking and eating quality had low correlation between each other.Further, all germplasm was genotyping three important quality genes, GS3, Wx and ALK. There were two genotypes in each of GS3 and Wx, and ALK had three genotypes. The phenotypes showed significant difference between different genotypes for both Wx and ALK. The results in this study will give valuable germplasm resources,gene resources and marker resources for breeding high quality rice varieties.