红松叶片与土壤有机碳、氮、磷、钙的空间分布及其化学计量学特征

Spatial Distribution and Stoichiometry Characteristics of Leaves and Soil Organic Carbon,Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Calcium of the Main Needle Tree Species-Pinus koraiensis

研究土壤与植物间的养分互馈效应特别是大量元素碳、氮、磷的关系对深刻认识陆地植被系统养分平衡过程有重要意义。以东北阔叶红松林中的红松为对象,通过沿纬度梯度设置样地,并分别进行土壤和红松叶片样品的采集和室内分析,探讨其钙元素与有机碳、全氮、全磷及其化学计量学特征的相互关系。结果表明:东北阔叶红松林土壤有机碳、氮、磷和钙的空间变异性均较大(变异系数均大于23%),如表层(0~15cm)土壤有机碳和水溶性钙的变化范围分别为2.3%~11.0%和25.33~86.30mg·g^(-1),且有机碳和全氮含量均随纬度的增加而升高;叶片磷和钙的变异性较大,但含量均较低,分别为0.1%~0.3%和1.88~4.29mg·g^(-1),而且受纬度变化的影响较小;土壤具有较高的C∶P和N∶P,尤其表层土壤C∶P高达106.13,且均随纬度的增加逐渐增大;叶片的C∶N和C∶P也均高于全球平均水平,而N∶P则较低,仅为9.86;土壤钙与其有机碳、氮和磷均呈极显著正相关,叶片钙则受土壤钙和下层(15~30cm)土壤碳、氮和磷的影响均较大;表层土壤钙和叶片钙均与其C∶P和N∶P呈负相关,这可能与钙的信号调节作用等有关。

Studying the nutrient-feeding effect between soil and plants,especially the relationship between macro-elements carbon,nitrogen,and phosphorus is of great scientific significance for a deep understanding of the nutrient balance process of terrestrial ecosystem.In this study,both the spatial distribution of calcium(Ca),organic carbon(C),total nitrogen(N),total phosphorus(P)and their stoichiometry in soil and leaf were discussed for the main tree species-Pinus koraiensis in the broadleaved-Korean mixed forest in Northeast China.Results showed that the spatial variability of soil organic carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and dissolved calcium was large(all the coefficients of variation were greater than 23%),and with a range of organic carbon and dissolved calcium in the top 0-15cm soil was 2.3%-11.0%and 25.33-86.30mg·g-1,respectively.Moreover,both contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen increased with the latitude increased.Both the spatial variability of phosphorus and calcium in leaves were larger,but their contents were relative low and only 0.1%-0.3%and 1.88-4.29mg·g^(-1),respectively,and both of them changed slightly with the latitude variation.Both values of soil C∶P and N∶P were high,especially the C∶P of surface soil was up to 106.13,and increased with the latitude increased.The values of C∶N and C∶P of leaves were also higher than the global average,while the N∶P of leaf was lower and only 9.86.There were significant positive correlation between soil calcium and its organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus, while the leaf calcium was affected distinctly by soil calcium, and the 15-30cm soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Besides, both the surface soil calcium and leaf calcium were negatively correlated with its C∶P and N∶P, which might be related to the signal regulation of calcium in plants.