不同类型咬板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的临床效果观察

Observation on the clinical effect of different types of splints in the treatment of patients with temporomandibular disorders

目的观察不同类型咬板治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的临床效果。方法80例颞下颌关节紊乱病患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,每组40例。对照组患者接受稳定型咬合板治疗,试验组患者接受松弛型咬合板治疗。对比两组患者治疗前后静息状态下、紧咬状态下咀嚼肌[左侧咬肌(LMM)、右侧咬肌(RMM)、左侧颞肌前束(LTA)、右侧颞肌前束(RTA)]肌电情况。结果治疗后,两组患者静息状态下LMM、RMM、LTA、RTA肌电值均较本组治疗前显著降低;且试验组静息状态下LMM、RMM、LTA、RTA肌电值分别为(1.35±0.15)、(1.25±0.12)、(2.25±0.30)、(2.13±0.22)μV,显著低于对照组的(1.88±0.25)、(1.90±0.25)、(2.91±0.35)、(2.80±0.39)μV,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者紧咬状态下LMM、RMM、LTA、RTA肌电值均较本组治疗前显著升高,且试验组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对颞下颌关节紊乱病患者行松弛型咬合板治疗能够更好的缓解患者肌紧张情况,应用价值更高。

Objective To observe the clinical effect of different types of splints in the treatment of patients with temporomandibular disorders.Methods A total of 80 patients with temporomandibular disorders were divided into control group and experimental group according to random numerical table,with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with stabilization splint,and the experimental group was treated with relaxation splint.Both groups of patients were compared in terms of masticatory muscles[left masseter muscle(LMM),right masseter muscle(RMM),left anterior temporalis(LTA)and right anterior temporalis(RTA)]myoelectricity during mastication and resting state before and after treatment.Results After treatment,the electromyographic values of LMM,RMM,LTA,and RTA during resting state in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment;in addition,the electromyographic values of LMM,RMM,LTA,and RTA during resting state in the experimental group were(1.35±0.15),(1.25±0.12),(2.25±0.30),(2.13±0.22)μV,respectively,which were significantly lower than(1.88±0.25),(1.90±0.25),(2.91±0.35),(2.80±0.39)μV in the control group.All the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the LMM,RMM,LTA and RTA EMG values during mastication in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment in this group,and the experimental group was higher than the control group.All the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Relaxation splint for patients with temporomandibular disorders can better relieve the patients’muscle tension,and has higher application value.