语用论辩理论的修辞语用属性研究

A Study on Rhetorical and Pragmatic Properties of Pragma-Dialectical Theory

语用论辩理论的核心是批判性讨论,即通过论证性会话来消除意见分歧。批判性讨论的理想模型发展为语用-辩证模式,具有逻辑上的"合理性"和"有效性",还具有修辞学层面的"实效性"和语用学属性。然而,该模式却存在修辞学和语用学层面的缺陷,如前提和言语行为的局限性、策略操控的模糊性等。因此,该模式需改良以适用于实际对话讨论。首先,该模式中的修辞学属性需进行拓展,采用宏观层面的"认同"概念,中观层面侧重于几种论辩质。其次,语用学属性上不再局限于言语行为,而代之以包容性和解释力更强的"语用行为"。

The core of Pragma-Dialectical Theory is critical discussion,which means resolving disagreement via argumentative dialogue.The ideal model of Critical Discussion has been developed into Pragmatic-Dialectic Model which is endowed with not only reasonableness and validness in logic,but also rhetorical effectiveness and pragmatic properties.However,this model has rhetoric and pragmatic inadequacies such as the limitations in premises and speech acts and vagueness in strategic maneuvering.The model henceforth needs improving so as to be applied to actual discussion.First,its rhetorical property can be expanded by taking Burke’s"Identification"at macro level and focusing on Dialectical Substances at the middle level.Second,its pragmatic property should not be restricted to speech acts which can be replaced by more comprehensive"pragmatic acts"that have more explanatory power.