论辩证法的总规律

On the General Law of Dialectics

长期以来,关于辩证法主要有哪几条基本规律以及什么是辩证法的总规律,一直充满争议。其中,再没有比否定之否定规律命运多舛的。在辩证法规律的研究中,否定之否定规律一直被忽视、被误解,甚至被与一般的否定规律混为一谈,斯大林在其著名的《论辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义》中,甚至把否定之否定规律排除在辩证法的规律之外。确实,矛盾规律是事物运动变化的基本规律,但是恩格斯已经意识到,矛盾规律只能揭示事物的运动和消逝,而不能说明事物的"提高"和"完善",正是在这个基础上,恩格斯把否定之否定规律视为辩证法"整体体系构成的基本规律",正如黑格尔关于辩证法三大规律的逻辑排序已经揭明的那样,如果说矛盾规律是最基本的辩证规律,否定之否定规律则无疑包含了矛盾规律在内,是辩证法最高的规律,是辩证法的总规律。

For a long time,there has been a lot of controversy about which basic laws of dialectics and what are the general laws of dialectics.Among them,there is no more ill fated than the negative law of negation.In the study of the law of dialectics,the law of negation of negation has been ignored and even misunderstood,and even confused with the general law of negation.Stalin even excluded the negative law of negation from the law of dialectics in his famous work dialectical materialism and historical materialism.It is true that the law of contradiction is the basic law of the movement and change of things,but Engels has realized that the law of contradiction can only reveal the movement and disappearance of things,but not the“improvement”and“perfection”of things.On this basis,Engels regarded the negative rule of negation as the“basic law of the whole system”of dialectics,just like Hegel’s dialectics If the law of contradiction is the most basic dialectical law,the law of negation of negation undoubtedly includes the law of contradiction,which is the highest law of dialectics and the general law of dialectics.