马克思劳动理论的政治哲学意蕴

The Political Philosophy Implication of Marx’s Labor Theory

马克思的劳动理论与其政治哲学建构之间存在着极其紧密的内在关系。古典政治经济学对劳动的经济意义的发现,为近代政治哲学的价值主张找到了经验科学基础,这意味着近代政治哲学在视野上的一次重要拓展。马克思的异化劳动批判承载着颠覆近代政治哲学的重大革命意义:它将近代政治哲学和古典政治经济学对劳动的一般性肯定理解,转换到对劳动的批判性政治理解上,瓦解了近代政治哲学立论的根本前提。同时,借助对劳动解放的全面理解,马克思确定并伸张了"解放政治"的政治哲学主题,开发了"劳动正义"和"制度正义"等全新的政治哲学问题。

There is an extremely close internal relationship between Marx’s labor theory and his political philosophy construction.The discovery of the economic significance of labor in classical political economy provides an empirical scientific basis for the value proposition of modern political philosophy,which means an important expansion of the vision of modern political philosophy.Marx's critique of alienation of labor bears the great revolutionary significance of overthrowing modern political philosophy:it transforms the general positive understanding of labor in modern political philosophy and classical political economy to the critical political understanding of labor,and dissolves the fundamental premise of modern political philosophy.At the same time,with the help of a comprehensive understanding of labor liberation,Marx identified and promoted the political philosophy theme of“emancipatory politics”and developed new political philosophy issues such as“labor justice”and“institutional justice”。