自由时间

Free Time

为展现社会批判理论的批判旨趣与现实关切,德国思想家、法兰克福学派第一代主要代表阿多诺在20世纪50~60年代做了一系列广播讲座,“自由时间”便是其中一场。阿多诺在这场讲座中,着重区分了自由时间与闲暇时间。阿多诺认为,劳动与自由时间的界限将按照利益体系组织起来的社会生活形式永恒化,而文化工业制造出的爱好虚假地满足人们对自由的需求,这种被组织起来的自由时间不过是一种他律意义上的闲暇时间。在阿多诺看来,与闲暇时间中的虚假活动不同,真正自由时间中的行为是自律的,它自在地具有合理性并拥有意义。讲座最后,阿多诺指出,在政治上成熟的人仍有机会使自由时间变为现实。

In order to show the critical aims and actual concerns,T.W.Adorno,the German thinker as well as the leading role of the first generation of Frankfurt School,has made a series of radio lectures during the 1950-1960s,one of which is titled as“Free Time”.In this lecture,Adorno is focused on make a distinction between free time and leisure time.Adorno holds that the demarcation line between labor and free time permeates the social forms organized by the profit system,and people’s demand for freedom is falselysatisfied by hobbies manufactured by culture industry.In Adorno’s view,this kind of organized free time is leisure time in the heterogeneous sense.People’s activities of free time,however,are autonomous on the contrary to the false activities of leisure time,the former of which are reasonable and meaningful in themselves.In conclusion,Adorno suggests that politically matured people still have the chance of turningfree time into reality.