丝素蛋白在组织工程药物缓释系统的研究进展

Progress in the application of silk fibroin in tissue engineered drug delivery system

目的综述不同类型丝素蛋白(silk fibroin,SF)载药缓释载体的性能、特性以及对装载药物的释放行为影响,并对SF载药缓释载体目前在组织工程药物缓释系统中存在的问题与发展前景进行讨论。方法广泛查阅近年关于SF载药缓释载体的文献,从缓释载体类型、药物释放特性、适用范围、存在的优点及不足、解决办法等方面进行总结分析。结果目前制备的SF载药缓释载体主要分为SF微颗粒、SF支架、SF膜、SF水凝胶、SF纳米纤维、SF海绵等;各类型SF载药缓释载体有各自优点及存在的问题,其中最突出问题是药物初期突释现象,通过改善制备工艺、调整材料配比参数等可有效解决药物初期突释。通过联合使用多种不同材料可制备出不同类型复合载药缓释载体,实现不同条件下的适用范围及不同的药物释放行为。结论SF是组织工程良好的药物载体,通过改进制备工艺、改变材料结构等方式可解决药物初期突释问题;通过对多种类型SF载药缓释载体优点进行结合,有望制备出符合不同临床需要的SF载药缓释载体。

Objective The properties and characteristics of different types of silk fibroin(SF)drug-loaded sustained-release carriers and their effects on the drug release behavior were reviewed,and the existing problems and development prospects of SF drug-loaded sustained-release carriers in tissue engineering drug delivery system were discussed.Methods The literatures about drug-loaded SF sustained-release carriers in recent years were extensively consulted,and the types of sustained-release carriers,characteristics of drug release,range of applications,advantages and disadvantages,and solutions were summarized and analyzed.Results At present,the SF drug-loaded sustained-release carriers are mainly divided into SF microparticles,SF scaffolds,SF membranes,SF hydrogels,SF nanofibers,SF sponges,and so on.These types of SF drug-loaded sustained-release carriers have their own advantages and problems,of which the most prominent problem is the burst release of drugs at the initial stage.While,the initial burst release of drugs can be effectively solved by improving the preparation process and adjusting the material ratio.Different types of drug-loaded sustained-release carriers can be prepared by combining different materials to achieve different application scopes and drug release behaviors under different conditions.Conclusion SF is a good drug-loaded carrier for tissue engineering,the burst release of drugs at the initial stage can be solved by improving the preparation process and changing the material structure;through the combination of the advantages of various types of SF drug-loaded sustained-release carriers,it is expected to prepare SF drug-loaded sustained-release carriers that meet different clinical needs.