双孢蘑菇工厂化发酵料在传统菇棚的出菇试验

Fruiting Experiment of Industrial Fermentation Material of Agaricus bisporus in Traditional Mushroom Shed

通过使用双孢蘑菇(Agaricus bisporus)工厂化成品散料与自制传统发酵料,在传统菇棚进行覆土出菇试验,分别使用河泥+砻糠与河泥+砻糠+甜菜粕作为覆土材料进行对比,在相同的生产栽培管理条件下,观察分析不同覆土材料对双孢蘑菇的菌丝长势、采菇期、产量和效益的影响。结果表明,采用工厂化散料在播种后发菌速度和长势均比传统发酵料的强,菌丝生长进程快5 d,采菇时间提前1 d;平均产量为22.08 kg·m^(-2),比使用传统发酵料产量高43.01%;覆土材料添加甜菜粕的菌丝生长更为粗壮,使工厂化散料的优质菇率提高1.16%,使传统发酵料的优质菇率提高10.47%;从效益上看,工厂化散料栽培模式明显高于传统发酵料栽培模式,为双孢蘑菇的"1+N"生产供应模式的应用提供了一定的理论依据,有助于促进我省双孢蘑菇产业的发展。

The experiment of covering the soil to produce the mushroom was carried out in the traditional mushroom shed by using the Agaricus bisporus industrial product bulk material and the self-made traditional fermentation material, under the same conditions of cultivation and management, the effects on mycelial growth, collection period, yield and benefit of A. bisporus were observed and analyzed. The results showed that the growth rate of mycelium of A. bisporus cultured with the secondary fermentation bulk material was 5 days faster than the traditional fermentation material, and the average yield of A. bisporus cultured with the secondary fermentation bulk material was 22.08 kg·m^(-2),which was 43.01% higher than that of traditional material. The mycelium of A. bisporus treated with soil-covered material with beet dregs was more robust and the treatment with beet dregs can increase the rate of high-quality mushroom cultured by the secondary fermentation bulk material and the traditional fermentation material by 1.16% and 10.47%, respectively. From the perspective of efficiency, the industrial bulk material is obviously higher than the traditional fermentation material cultivation mode, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of the ’1+N’ production and supply mode of A. bisporus, and contributes to the promotion and development of the A. bisporus industry in our province.