外泌体miRNA在肿瘤进展中的作用及其可能机制

Role of exosomal miRNA in tumor progression and its possible mechanism

外泌体是一种生物纳米小囊泡、直径约30~100 nm,机体中几乎所有类型的细胞均可以合成.分泌、释放。最新研究发现,外泌体中包含多种功能蛋白质、mRNA和microRNAs(miRNAs)等,在细胞间进行物质传递和信息交流过程中起着非常重要的作用。而肿瘤细胞分泌的相关外泌体miRNA,对肿瘤的发生、发展、侵袭转移等生物学过程均发挥了重要的调控作用。因此,研究肿瘤相关外泌体miRNA,将有助于从肿瘤基因调控视角去研究肿瘤进展的作用机制,并挖掘新的肿瘤标志物,有助于肿瘤早期诊断、治疗及疾病监测和预后评估。

Exosome is a kind of biological nano-vesicle with a diameter of about 30-100 nm and is synthesized,secreted,and released in almost all types of body cells.Recent studies have found that exosomes contain a variety of functional proteins,including mRNA and microRNAs(miRNAs)and so on,which play an important role in the process of material transfer and information exchange in cells.In addition,the related-exosomal microRNAs secreted by tumor cells play an important role in regulating theoccurrence,development,invasion and metastasis of tumors and other biological processes..Therefore,the study of tumor-related exosomal microRNAs will help us to explore the mechanism of tumor progression from the perspective of tumor gene regulation and new tumor markers,which will contribute to the early diagnosis,treatment,disease monitoring and prognosis evaluation.