β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙安全性和有效性研究进展

Research progress on the safety and effectiveness of calciumβ-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate

羟基-β-甲基丁酸钙(calciumβ-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate,CaHMB)是β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸(β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyricacid,HMB)的钙盐。CaHMB已通过美国食品药品监督管理局(FoodandDrug Administration,FDA)的一般公认安全(generally recognized as safe,GRAS)认定和中国的新食品原料申请。近年来CaHMB在运动营养食品、特殊医学用途配方食品(Food for Special Medical Purpose,FSMP)中的应用逐渐增多。本文对CaHMB在毒理学研究和人群试食试验中的安全性及有效性进行综述,以期为其安全有效的应用提供依据。国内外批准使用情况、毒理学研究和人群试食试验均表明CaHMB的安全性较高。人群试食试验提示补充CaHMB可能具有一些有益的健康效应,包括增加老年人、艾滋病或癌症患者等的体重、瘦体组织、肌肉质量和力量,减少肌肉损伤以及在阻抗训练中增加耐力,在预防或改善肌肉减少等方面有较好的应用前景,但CaHMB对阻抗训练人群的有效性有待进一步研究。

Calciumβ-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate(CaHMB)is the calcium salt ofβ-hydroxy-β-methyl butyric acid(HMB).CaHMB has been certified as generally recognized as safe(GRAS)by Food and Drug Administration(FDA)and passed application for new food ingredients in China.Recently,the application of CaHMB in food for sports nutrition and food for special medical purpose(FSMP)has gradually increased.The safety and effectiveness of CaHMB in toxicology studies and population-based trials were reviewed in order to provide the basis for its safe and effective application.The approved use,toxicology studies and population-based trials showed that CaHMB is safe.Population trials suggest supplementing CaHMB may have some beneficial health effects,including increasing body weight,lean tissue,muscle mass,strength,reducing muscle injury in the old,AIDS or cancer patients,and increasing endurance in resistance training.It has good application prospects in prevention or improvement of muscle loss,but the effectiveness of CaHMB for resistance training population needs to be further studied.