数字鸿沟影响家庭收入吗

Does the Digital Divide Affect Household Income?

随着数字经济的不断发展,"数字鸿沟"问题不断凸显。本文基于中国家庭普惠金融调查数据,从可及性和使用度两个维度构建家庭数字鸿沟指数,选取人均每平方公里移动电话基站数量作为工具变量,系统研究了数字鸿沟对家庭收入的影响。研究发现,数字鸿沟显著降低了家庭的总收入,对家庭工资性收入、工商业收入、财产性收入、转移性收入和其他收入均有负向影响。进一步研究还发现,家庭数字鸿沟对低收入家庭的收入负向影响更大。异质性分析显示,数字鸿沟对农村地区,三、四、五线城市和老年群体的收入负向影响更大。机制分析表明,数字鸿沟通过削弱社会网络、抑制自雇佣创业和降低信贷可得性,对家庭收入产生显著的负向影响。本文提供了家庭数字鸿沟影响经济发展、降低家庭收入的微观证据。本文的研究可为中国数字鸿沟指标体系的构建、经济影响的评估和缩小数字鸿沟政策设计提供微观依据。

With the continuous development of the digital economy,the digital divide has become increasingly prominent.Based on China Household Financial Inclusion Survey data,this paper constructs a household digital divide index from two dimensions:accessibility and utilization,and selects the number of mobile phone base stations per square kilometer per capita as an instrumental variable to systematically study the impact of the digital divide on the household income.The study finds that the digital divide significantly reduces the household income,and has a negative impact on the household wage income,industrial and commercial income,property income,transfer income,etc.,and the negative impact is more prominent for the low-income households.Heterogeneity analysis finds that the digital divide has a greater negative impact on the income of rural areas,third-,fourth-and fifth-tier cities,and the elderly.Mechanism analysis shows that the digital divide has a significant negative impact on household income by weakening social networks,inhibiting self-employed startups,and reducing credit availability.This paper provides microscopic evidence of the digital divide affecting economic development and reducing the household income.The research findings can provide a micro basis for China to construct the digital divide indicator system,assess the economic impact,and design policies for narrowing the digital divide.