中俄印煤矿安全对比分析研究

Comparative Analysis and Research on Coal Mine Safety in China,Russia and India

进入21世纪以来,世界煤矿安全生产总体形势持续向好,事故起数和死亡人数逐年下降。中国作为世界第一大产煤国,安全生产实现了由事故易发多发向总体稳定的历史性跨越。但对比世界其他主要产煤国,国外煤矿安全法律法规标准、煤矿安全生产相关保障机制等方面,具有丰富经验优势,中国还存在一定短板。选取了俄罗斯、印度与中国类似的产煤国,分析中俄印三国煤矿的安全生产发展现状、煤矿事故特点、安全监管体系保障等,阐明了我国在煤矿安全监管方面的制度优势和技术优势,最后提出俄印两国煤矿安全经验及对我国的启示。

Since the beginning of the 21 st century,the overall situation of safe production in coal mines in the world has continued to improve,with the number of accidents and deaths declining year by year.In particular,China is the world’s largest coal-producing country,and safe production has achieved a historic leap from accident-prone to overall stability.However,compared with other major coal-producing countries in the world,foreign coal mine safety laws,regulations and standards,coal mine safety production-related guarantee mechanisms,etc.,have rich experience and advantages,and China still has certain shortcomings.This paper selects coalproducing countries similar to Russia,India and China,analyzes the development status of coal mine safety in China,Russia and India,the characteristics of coal mine accidents,and the safety supervision system.It shows my country’s institutional and technological advantages in coal mine safety supervision.Finally,the enlightenment of the coal mine safety experience of Russia and India to our country is put forward.