跨越企业边界的科层控制——网约车平台的劳动力组织与控制研究

Hierarchical Control across Corporate Boundaries:On Labor Organization and Control for Online Ride-hailing Platforms——A Case Study of W Ride-hailing Platform in City T

本文通过调查发现,网约车平台看似是依托数字技术匹配信息的"扁平化"市场组织,实则为依托企业规则、数字技术和第三方机构进行管理的市场化科层组织。其凭借垄断地位在企业外部构建了一个由多市场参与主体组成的、层级化的科层控制体系。平台先在企业外部设置岗位并通过合作方式组织生产,之后通过企业规则确保网约车司机和租赁公司行为的可预见性,最终通过数字技术和租赁公司承担司机管理职能并执行企业规则。

Current research on labor control on Internet platforms highlights the important role of digital technology,and this article proposes another control mechanism of online ride-hailing platform—hierarchical control through the field work.The W ride-hailing platform not only creates positions outside the company and organizes production through cooperation,but also ensures predictable behavior of ride-hailing drivers and rental companies through corporate rules.Digital technology and rental companies are the enforcers of the rules,complementing and sharing the responsibility of managing drivers.This article further points out that the platform appears to be a"flat"market organization relying on digital technology,but in fact it is a market-oriented hierarchical organization that relies on corporate rules,digital technology,and third-party agencies.