某中医医院17099例损伤中毒住院患者临床特征分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of 17099 inpatients with injury and poisoning in a traditional Chinese medicine hospital

目的对某中医医院2015—2019年收治的损伤、中毒病例进行回顾性分析,旨在了解收治创伤患者的特征及发生规律,为进一步控制和预防意外伤害的发生提供科学依据。方法采用国际疾病分类ICD-10对主要诊断编码为S00~T97的住院病案进行检索,利用Excel和SPSS 21.0软件对数据进行整理和统计分析。结果17099例损伤、中毒患者男性明显多于女性,且男性的平均年龄明显低于女性;从季节趋势上看,全年收治高峰期在第三季度,第四季度次之,而第一季度为收治低谷期;居前5位的损伤中毒依次为下肢损伤,肩和上肢损伤,胸部损伤,腹部、下背、腰椎和骨盆损伤,异物进入自然腔口;男女损伤、中毒患者发生外因居前2位的均为跌倒、交通事故;结合年龄分析外因,60岁及以上人群外因中以跌倒所占比例最高,15~<45岁人群以交通事故所占比例最高。17099例损伤中毒患者总病死率0.32%,居第1位的死因为有毒物质的中毒。结论虽然伤害发生是突发事件,但是不同性别、年龄的各类损伤中毒发生有一定的规律,通过回顾性分析这类病例可以找出相应的预防措施,减少伤害的发生。

Objective To investigate the characteristics and occurrence regularity of trauma patients and to provide scientific basis for further control and prevention of accidental injuries by retrospectively analyzing the injuries and poisoning cases admitted to a hospital of traditional Chinese medicine from 2015 to 2019.Methods ICD-10 was used to retrieve the inpatient medical records with the main diagnosis code S00-T97.Excel and SPSS 21.0 software were used to analyze the data.Results The average age of male patients was significantly lower than that of female patients with 17099 injuries and poisoning.In terms of seasonal trend,the peak of annual admissions was in the third quarter,followed by the fourth quarter,and the first quarter was the trough period.The top 5 injuries were lower extremity injuries,shoulder and upper extremity injuries,chest injuries,abdominal,lower back,lumbar vertebra and pelvis injuries,and foreign body entering the natural opening.Falling and traffic accidents were the top 2 external causes of injury and poisoning of male and female patients.According to the analysis of external causes by age,falling was the highest among people over 60 years old,and traffic accidents were the highest among people between 15 and 44 years old.The total fatality rate of 17099 injury poisoning patients was 0.32%,ranking the first cause of death due to toxic substances poisoning.Conclusion Although the injury is an emergency,there are certain rules in the occurrence of different genders,ages and various kinds of injury poisoning.Through retrospective analysis of these cases,we can find out the corresponding preventive measures to reduce the injury.