安徽省部分农村地区高血压患者焦虑与血压控制行为调查

Survey of anxiety and blood pressure control behavior of patients with hypertension in some rural areas of Anhui Province

目的了解安徽省部分农村高血压患者焦虑与血压控制行为现状,探索分析焦虑、血压控制行为、血压三者之间的关系。方法在安徽省界首市三个行政村抽取277名高血压患者,用自编问卷和焦虑自评量表(SAS)开展面对面调查。结果调查对象焦虑总均分为(38.27±11.059),焦虑障碍检出率为14.9%。血压综合分级、增加运动、年龄分组、BMI分级与焦虑总分或分维度得分呈正相关(P<0.05),而控制饮食、有无并发症与焦虑总分或分维度得分呈负相关(P<0.05)。躯体功能紊乱、控制饮食、控制吸烟、调节情绪、是否外出、高血压确诊年限分组与血压综合分级或舒张压、收缩压等级呈正相关(P<0.05),而心境情绪紊乱、交叉混合症状、控制饮酒、年龄分组与血压综合分级或舒张压、收缩压等级呈负相关(P<0.05)。血压综合分级是控制饮食的妨碍因素(OR=1.537或1.543),焦虑总分是控制饮食的促进因素〔OR(95%CI)=0.959(0.919~1.000)〕,但却是增加运动的妨碍因素〔OR(95%CI)=1.032(1.004~1.060)〕。交叉混合症状是控制吸烟〔OR(95%CI)=0.805(0.683~0.949)〕和饮酒〔OR(95%CI)=0.823(0.698~0.971)〕的促进因素。结论焦虑影响血压及其控制行为,血压也影响焦虑及控制行为。为更好地进行血压管理,应当缓解患者不良情绪、促进血压控制行为的实施。

Objective:To understand the status of anxiety and blood pressure control behavior of patients with hypertension in parts of rural areas,andto analyze the relations among the anxiety,blood pressure control behavior and blood pressure.Methods:277 patients with hypertension were selected from three administrative villages of Jieshou City in Anhui Province,selfmade questionnaire and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)were used to conduct face to face survey.Results:The mean of the total score of anxiety scale was(38.27±11.059),the detection rate of anxiety disorders was 14.9%.Comprehensive classification of blood pressure,increase exercise,age group and BMI classification were positively correlated with the total anxiety scores or dimension scores(P<0.05),but dietcontrol and presence of complications were negatively correlated with the total anxiety scores or dimension scores(P<0.05).Dysfunction of the body,dietcontrol,smokingcontrol,moodregulation,going out or not and age group of hypertension diagnosis were positively correlated with comprehensive classification of blood pressure or diastolic and systolic blood pressure levels(P<0.05),but mood disorder,mixed cross symptom,drinking control and age group were negatively correlated withcomprehensive classification of blood pressure or diastolic and systolic blood pressure levels(P<0.05).Comprehensive classification of blood pressure was the hinder factor of control diet(OR=1.537 or 1.543).The total anxiety scores was the promotion factor of control diet〔OR(95%CI)=0.959(0.919~1.000)〕,but was the hinder factor of increasing exercise〔OR(95%CI)=1.032(1.004~1.060)〕.Mixed cross symptom is the promotion factor of smokingcontrol〔OR(95%CI)=0.805(0.683~0.949)〕and drinkingcontrol〔OR(95%CI)=0.823(0.698~0.971)〕.Conclusion:Anxiety affects blood pressure,and its behaviorcontrol and blood pressure also affect anxiety and behaviorcontrol.In order to control blood pressure better,we should relieve patients'bad mood and promote the implementation of blood pressure control behavior.