基站天线异频去耦技术新进展

New Progresses of Cross-band Decoupling Techniques for Base Station Antennas

5G技术海量数据传输的需求,使基站天线的异频干扰问题日益突出。文章聚焦共口径基站天线的异频感应耦合及谐振耦合干扰问题,指出了耦合产生的原因。概述了国内外有代表性的异频去耦技术,如扼流器、频率选择表面、螺旋同轴线等。最后,详细介绍了异频去耦技术的研发新进展,包括陷波天线技术、背腔天线技术以及铁氧体磁环加载技术,展示了去耦合结构和天线阵列的设计,讨论了每种方法的去耦原理。仿真和测试结果表明,这些去耦方法能减弱天线间散射或谐振干扰,并实现方向图的保形。

The demand for transmission of massive data in 5G leads to severe cross-band coupling problems.In this paper,we focus on the crossband induction coupling and resonance coupling problems in sharedaperture base station antennas.The reasons for the couplings are pointed out.Some representative cross-band decoupling techniques are summarized,such as current choke,frequency selective surface,helical coaxial cable,etc.Finally,new research developments of cross-band decoupling techniques are elaborated,including band-notched antenna,cavity-backed antenna and ferrite core loading.Simulated and measured results demonstrate that these decoupling methods can reduce the scattering or resonance interference between antennas,and realize restoration of radiation patterns.