边疆少数民族地区义务教育学校发展的困境与策略——以云南省边疆少数民族自治县18所学校为例

Dilemmas and strategies on the development of compulsory education schools in border minority areas

以云南省少数民族自治县18所学校为对象,采用座谈、调研问卷等方法对义务教育学校发展中遇到问题进行了调研。研究发现,边疆少数民族地区义务教育学校教学设备逐渐完善,师生对学校环境普遍满意。但在发展过程中也存在着诸如学校管理制度有待规范、学校校园文化建设急需重视、教师职业倦怠严重、师资队伍不完善、学生汉语基础差、控辍保学任务严峻等问题。研究建议,应通过规范学校管理制度、树立正确教育质量观、激发教师内生动力、实施阅读工程、营造良好的家校合作氛围等路径促进边疆少数民族地区义务教育学校的发展。

Taking 18 schools in Yunnan Autonomous County of Ethnic Minorities as the objects,the research conducted a survey on the problems encountered in the development of compulsory education schools by means of discussion and questionnaire.The research shows that the teaching equipment of compulsory education schools in border minority areas is gradually improved,and teachers and students are generally satisfied with the school environment.However,in the process of development,there are also some problems,such as the school management system needs to be standardized,the construction of school culture needs to be paid attention to,the job burnout of teachers is serious,the teaching staff is not perfect,the students'Chinese foundation is poor,and the task of controlling dropout and ensuring school enrollment is serious.The research suggests that the development of compulsory education schools in border minority areas should be promoted by standardizing the school management system,setting up a correct view of education quality,stimulating the endogenous motivation of teachers,implementing the reading project,and creating a good atmosphere of home-school cooperation.