汽车减振器锥形圆环缝隙流与阀片动态开度研究

Conical ring gap flow and throttle-slice dynamic opening of automobile shock absorber

为了对汽车减振器阻尼特性建立较为全面的数学模型,利用流体运动微分方程,推导出了流体通过锥形圆环缝隙产生压降与流量之间的关系;考虑了流体对阀片的冲击力以及弹簧对阀片的作用力,推导出了弹簧作用下阀片开阀速度的计算公式;计算出了阀片打开后,常通孔与锥形圆环缝隙流量分配问题,以及对阻尼力的影响;并考虑了阀片开度与流体作用力动态耦合关系,最终建立了阀片动态开度的求解方程。在MATLAB环境下对模型进行了仿真,计算结果与试验数据吻合较好,验证了理论的正确性。

Here,to establish a more comprehensive mathematical model for damping characteristics of automobile shock absorber,the differential equation of fluid motion was used to derive the relation between pressure drop and flow rate during fluid passing through gap of conical ring.Considering fluid impact force and spring force exerted on throttle-slice,the calculation formula of throttle-slice opening speed under the action of spring was derived.The flow rate distribution in gap between through-hole and conical ring and its influence on damping force were calculated after throttle-slice was opened.Considering dynamic interaction relation between throttle-slice opening and fluid force,the solving equation of throttle-slice dynamic opening was established.The numerical simulation was performed for the model with the software MATLAB.It was shown that the calculation results agree better with test data to verify the correctness of the proposed theory.