科考船实验室供配电系统的设计

The Design of Power Distribution for the Laboratory of Scientific Research Ship

现代科考船安装有大功率变频器和精密科考仪器,日趋严重的电网谐波和日益增长的洁净电源需求形成严重矛盾;同时为了保障科考任务正常进行,实验室供电的连续性和安全性越发重要。为了向实验室设备提供洁净、连续、安全电源,本文分析了隔离变压器、电机-发电机组、UPS等设备的工作原理,介绍了电缆的选型、敷设、接地等的原则:有利于提高电网抗干扰性、连续性和安全性。并对普通隔离变压器、电机-发电机组、UPS的抗干扰性能进行了测试和对比:电机-发电机组输出的谐波最小,普通隔离变压器输出的谐波最大,科考UPS输出的谐波和电机-发电机组相近,因同时具有低谐波、不间断供电的特点,在实验室供电上具有优势。

Modern scientific research ships are equipped with high-power frequency converters and precision instruments,while the contradiction between the grid power harmonics and the requirements for clean power supply is increasingly serious.And,in order to ensure the smooth operation of research tasks onboard,the continuity and safety of power supply to the laboratory of the scientific research ship is becoming more and more important.Based on the principle of clean,continuous and safe power supply to the laboratory equipment,in this paper,the influences of cable selection,laying and grounding on the anti-interference and safety of power grid are analyzed.Then,the anti-interference and safety performances of isolation transformer,motor-generator,UPS etc.are compared and measured.It is observed the harmonic of the motor-generator is the smallest and that the shielding isolation transformer harmonic is the second-smallest.It is also noted that UPS has advantages for laboratory power grid because of its characteristics of low harmonic(similar to the motor-generator’s).and uninterrupted power supply.