ISO金融国际标准:演进、博弈与应对

ISO International Financial Standards Framework: Evolution, Competition and Countermeasures

金融国际标准有效保障了跨境金融业务的直达性和安全性,是全球金融基础设施的基本组成部分,也是重要经济体政策博弈的重要内容。本文以国际标准化组织(ISO)金融国际标准具有的国际"软法"秉性为支撑,回顾了其制订存在组织人事、制订流程以及技术应用等领域的博弈,同时,着重分析以跨境支付为代表的移动金融服务标准制订的技术博弈及国家博弈,发现移动金融服务国际标准博弈已从技术层面上升至战略层面,从机构层面上升至国家层面,并成为二十国集团的重要政策议题。本文梳理中国与国际标准化组织的合作关系演进,发现更多中国人参与标准制订的人事、流程和技术应用进程之中,中国已从金融国际标准的遵从者向制订者转变,但是中国参与金融国际标准制订存在参与战略不明、国际话语权较弱、专业能力较低、私人部门参与不足、同行交流欠缺以及整体竞争力偏弱等短板。中国未来要以金融标准化新一轮规划为支撑,全面提升参与金融标准化制订的能力与水平,着力发展数字服务与市场金融标准化,助力中国金融科技和数字经济的国际竞争力。

International financial standards(IFSs)effectively guarantee the directness and security of global financial businesses.IFSs are not only consensus-based,transparent and voluntary soft law for financial activities,but also important component of the global financial infrastructure;they have also been an important part of policy competition among important economies.Based on the ISO standards,this article reviews the gaming in the fields of organization and personnel,formulation process,and technology application.The technological and inter-national competition of mobile financial service standard represented by cross-border payment has become an essential part of policy agenda in the past 10 years.It is found that the competition of mobile financial service standards has risen from the technical level to the strategic level,from the institutional level to the national level,and become an important policy issue of the G20.The article shows the evolution of the cooperative relationship between China and the ISO system,and finds that more Chinese have participated in the personnel,procedures,and technology application process of the standard formulation.China has changed from a follower of IFSs to a maker of IFSs.However,in its participation in international financial standards formulation,China still suffers from such problems as unclear strategies,weak international voices,deficient professional abilities,inadequate participation by private sectors,lack of professional exchanges,and weak overall competitiveness.In the future,supported by a new round of financial standardization planning,China should comprehensively enhance its ability to participate in the formulation of IFSs,focus on the development of digital services and financial standardization of the market,and promote the international competitiveness of its fin-tech and digital economy.