基于多元化的家属同步健康教育在维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果

Application effect of multi-family synchronous health education in maintenance hemodialysis patients

目的探讨基于多元化的家属同步健康教育在维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果。方法选择2019年1月至2020年8月安徽医科大学附属宿州医院收治的维持性血液透析患者96例,根据透析时间分为实验组(2019年11月至2020年8月)52例、对照组(2019年1月至10月)44例。两组均给予维持性血液透析教育内容,实验组同时给予家属多元化同步健康教育。随访4个月,比较两组干体重控制自我管理行为、并发症、生活质量。结果随访4个月,两组干体重控制自我管理行为评分高于同组教育前,实验组液体和离子的限制行为、饮食量的管理行为、躯体与社会心理活动、自我管理行为总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组生活质量评分高于同组教育前,实验组肾脏病与透析相关生活质量、一般健康相关生活质量、生活质量总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于多元化的家属同步健康教育有助于促进维持性血液透析患者干体重控制自我管理行为的养成,减少血液透析并发症的发生,改善生活质量。

Objective To explore the application effect of multi-family synchronous health education in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods A total of 96 patients with maintenance hemodialysis Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2019 to August 2020 were selected.According to the time of dialysis,52 patients were divided into the experimental group(November 2019 to August 2020)and 44 patients were divided into the control group(January 2019 to October 2019).Both groups were given maintenance hemodialysis education,at the same time,families in the experimental group were given diversified and synchronous health education.Follow-up for four months,the two groups of dry weight control self-management behaviors,complications and quality of life were compare of twro groups.Results After four months of follow-up,the scores of self-management behavior of dry weight control in both groups were higher than before education,the total scores of liquid and ion restriction behavior,food quantity management behavior,physical and psychosocial activities and self-management behavior of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the incidence of complications was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the quality of life score of the two groups was higher than that before education,the total score of nephropathy and dialysis-related quality of life,general health-related quality of life and quality of life of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Diversified family members’synchronous health education is helpful to promote the development of dry weight control and self-management behavior in maintenance hemodialysis patients,reduce the incidence of hemodialysis complications and improve the quality of life.