集体运动结合家庭跟进式干预对妊娠期糖尿病患者的影响

Effect of collective exercise combined with family follow-up intervention in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨集体运动结合家庭跟进式干预对妊娠期糖尿病患者的影响。方法选择2018年10月至2019年10月南京医科大学附属无锡妇幼保健院糖尿病专科门诊就诊的妊娠期糖尿病患者150例为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各75例。对照组实施常规干预,观察组实施集体运动结合家庭跟进式干预。比较两组干预前后血糖水平变化、遵医行为及妊娠结局情况。结果干预后,两组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于干预前,且观察组干预后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于对照组(均P<0.05);观察组定期监测血糖、适量运动、合理饮食、按时复诊比例高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组剖宫产、羊水过多、胎膜早破、妊娠高血压、巨大儿、早产、低血糖、胎儿窘迫发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论集体运动结合家庭跟进式干预应用于妊娠期糖尿病患者中可有效降低血糖水平,提高遵医行为,改善妊娠结局,值得推广。

Objective To explore the effect of collective exercise combined with family follow-up intervention in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods From October 2018 to October 2019,150 patients with gestational diabetes were selected from the diabetes clinic of Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University.They were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table,with 75 in each group.The control group performed routine intervention,and the observation group implemented collective exercise combined with family follow-up intervention.The changes of blood glucose level,compliance behavior and pregnancy outcome were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results The levels of fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin in the two groups after intervention were lower than those before intervention;the levels of fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin in the observation group after intervention were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The proportion of regular monitoring of blood glucose,moderate exercise,reasonable diet,and regular return visit in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of cesarean section,polyhydramnios,premature rupture of membranes,hypertensive pregnancy,babies,premature delivery,hypoglycemia,and fetal distress were lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of collective exercise combined with family follow-up intervention in patients with gestational diabetes can effectively reduce blood glucose levels,improve compliance with medical practices,and improve pregnancy outcomes,which is worth promoting.