分级诊疗视角下我国医疗资源配置效率评价

Evaluation of Chinese medical resource allocation efficiency from the perspective of hierarchical medical system

目的分析分级诊疗政策正式推行以来我国(除港澳台外)医疗资源的分级配置效率,为医疗资源优化配置及分级诊疗政策的进一步推行提供参考。方法运用数据包络分析的BCC模型和Malmquist指数模型对2015年1月至2019年12月我国医院与基层医疗卫生机构资源配置效率进行横向比较和纵向分析。结果医院资源配置效率高于基层医疗卫生机构,基层医疗卫生机构资源配置效率省际差距较大且整体上呈效率下降趋势,技术水平与技术创新能力是制约其效率提升的主要原因。结论我国医疗资源配置效率存在医疗机构层级差异与地域差异,基层医疗卫生机构资源配置效率发展态势整体不佳,建议加强统筹规划,提升医疗资源布局的合理性与协调性。

Objective To analyze the efficiency of the hierarchical allocation of medical resources in China(except Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)since the formal implementation of the hierarchical medical system and to provide reference for optimizing resource allocation and promoting hierarchical medical system.Methods The BCC model and the Malmquist index of data envelopment analysis were used to analyze the efficiency of Chinese medical resource allocation from January 2015 to December 2019.Results The resource allocation efficiency of primary medical and health institutions was lower than that of hospitals and showed a downward trend in efficiency.Technical level and innovation ability were the main reasons restricting its efficiency.Conclusion There are hierarchical and regional differences in the efficiency of medical resource allocation,the development trend of primary medical resource allocation efficiency is not good.It is recommended to strengthen planning to improve the rationality and coordination of the distribution of medical resources.