城市居家老年人宜老环境自我报告评估指标的构建

Development of age-friendly environments self-report indicators for the urban home-dwelling older adults

目的构建城市居家老年人宜老环境自我报告评估指标,为了解城市老年人居家环境的质量水平和相关服务需求提供评价工具。方法以世界卫生组织老年友好城市指南作为理论框架,在文献回顾和质性访谈的基础上形成草稿。采用德尔菲法对20名专家进行2轮咨询。结果2轮专家咨询问卷有效回收率分别为90.91%、90.00%;第2轮专家咨询的权威系数为0.865,专家意见协调系数为0.305~0.671;最终确定的指标体系包括户外空间和建筑、交通、家庭住宅、社会交往和参与、社区服务和信息与通讯6项一级指标,84项二级指标。结论城市居家老年人宜老环境自我报告评估指标有较好的专家认可度,可作为评价中国城市居家老年人环境质量的工具。

Objective To develop a self-report assessment tool for evaluating age-friendly living environment for urban home-dwelling older adults.Methods Based on the WHO′s age-friendly city guide,draft of an index system was developed through literature review and qualitative interview,then two rounds of expert consultation were conducted on 20 experts using the Delphi process.Results The return rate for questionnaires were 90.91%and 90.00%respectively.The specialist authority coefficient(Cr)was 0.865 in the second round and the Kendall′s coefcients of concordance(W)were between 0.305 and 0.671.The final index system included six primary indicators of outdoor spaces and buildings,transportation,housing,social interaction and participation,community support,information and communication,totaling 84 secondary indicators.Conclusion The self-report instrument achieved good consensus after two rounds of expert consultation,which can be used to evaluate living environments for urban home-dwelling older adults in China.