审查与反思:立案登记背景下民事立案程序诉讼标的研究

Review and Reflection:A Study of the Subject of Civil Filing Procedure Under the Background of Filing a Case

我国立案程序审查原告起诉的诉讼标的,不仅得到了一部分学者的支持,在司法实践中也是常态。而在当今立案登记改革的背景下,对民事立案程序中诉讼标的的审查与反思就显得尤为重要。起诉条件中的诉讼请求与诉讼标的不应做同一概念理解,起诉理由亦非起诉条件不可或缺的事项。立案程序的应然改革方向是立案程序仅对原告的起诉做形式审查,诉讼标的等诉讼要件应被纳入诉讼程序当中审理。立案程序的实然改革方向是在立法上厘清诉讼请求与诉讼标的的概念,并对现有的起诉条件进行改良,此外对旧实体法说诉讼标的理论的改良亦是可选择的方向之一。

China’s filing procedures to examine the subject matter of the plaintiff’s lawsuit not only has the support of some scholars but also in judicial practice is the norm.While in the context of the current case registration reform,the examination and reflection of the subject matter of litigation in the civil filing procedure is particularly important.The request for action in the conditions of prosecution should not be understood in the same way as the target of the action.The grounds for prosecution are not an indispensable matter of the conditions of prosecution.The direction of the reform of the filing procedure is that the filing procedure only does the formal examination of the plaintiff’s prosecution,and the object of the lawsuit and other litigation materials should be included in the proceedings.The realistic reform direction of filing procedure is to clarify the concept of litigation request and the target of litigation in legislation,and to improve the existing prosecution conditions.Besides,the theoretical improvement of the target of litigation is also one of the alternative directions for the old substantive law.