木质纤维素乙醇预处理与酶解技术研究

Study on Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis Technology in Lignocellulosic Ethanol Production

木质纤维素乙醇的生产工艺中主要环节为预处理、酶解、发酵3个阶段。预处理是决定后续酶解效果的关键步骤,物理法、化学法和物理化学法预处理工艺是目前主要的研究方向,预处理效果需与经济可行性相互结合。对各预处理方式优缺点及经济可行性进行了综合性对比,较好的预处理方式为蒸汽爆破,糖回收率和经济可行性较高。后续采用诺维信公司不同酶制剂进行酶解评价实验,根据实验结果最新一代纤维素酶CellicRZ1.0在低加量下可保持80%以上的葡萄糖转化率。对于发酵,抑制物浓度是发酵的主要影响因素,在稀释比例升高的情况下,发酵效率也随之提升。

The production process of lignocellulosic ethanol includes three stages: pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. Pretreatment is a key step to determine the effect of subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. Physical, chemical and physical-chemical pretreatment processes are currently the main research directions. The pretreatment effect needs to be combined with economic feasibility. In this article, the advantages and disadvantages of each pretreatment method were discussed. A comprehensive comparison was made with economic feasibility. The better pretreatment method was steam explosion, the sugar recovery rate and economic feasibility were higher. Novozymes’ different enzyme preparations were used in enzymatic hydrolysis evaluation experiments. According to the experimental results, the newest generation of cellulase Cellic RZ1.0 could maintain a glucose conversion rate of more than 80% under low dosage. For fermentation, the concentration of inhibitor was the main influencing factor of fermentation. When the dilution ratio increased, the fermentation efficiency also increased.