山东日照两城镇遗址龙山文化的石器生产

Lithic Tool Production During the Longshan Cultural Period at the Liang-chengzhen Site in Rizhao,Shandong

石器的制作是史前人类社会最重要的手工业生产活动之一,故被作为人类早期历史发展阶段的重要指征,并以此命名为石器时代,后来又根据石器的制作技术和特征,进一步区分为旧石器时代和新石器时代。同时,石器作为史前时期的主要生产工具,成为评估社会生产力发展水平的基本标志。

The manufacture of lithic tools was one of the most important craft production activities in prehistoric human society.Previously,lack of sound evidence had made it too early to confi rm whether or not lithic tool production during the Longshan cultural period had already transformed from a primitive self-sufficient household mode of production to a specialized mode of production.Excavation of the Longshan cultural site at Liangchengzhen in Rizhao,Shandong from 1998-2001 through meticulous field methods such as sieving and floatation yielded a large number of lithic reduction tools,ranging from grinding stones,stone hammers,and polishing stones to raw materials,semi-finished products,and lithic debitage of various sizes,resulting from the lithic reduction process.This excavation suggests that the Liangchenzhen site was a settlement site where the complete process of lithic reduction was practiced.Through comparison with contemporary large-scale excavated Longshan cultural sites,it is suggested that the No.1 excavation area at the Liangchengzhen site was a lithic reduction locus with a relatively high degree of specialization which was used for hundreds of years.It is possible that lithic tool production had already advanced to a stage of relatively high specialization during the Longshan cultural period in the Haidai region.