土壤动物与土壤健康

Soil Fauna and Soil Health

土壤动物与土壤健康息息相关,土壤动物多样性和功能能够灵敏反映人类活动和气候变化引起的土壤扰动。同时,土壤动物还通过与生物和非生物组分间的相互作用对地上生态系统产生反馈作用。当前土壤动物在土壤健康评价体系中的应用相对较少,主要集中在土壤线虫、节肢动物和蚯蚓等类群,仍缺乏基于土壤动物的系统性评价指标。因此,本文围绕土壤动物在指示土壤健康方面的潜力,系统总结了现有基于土壤动物的土壤健康评价指标,强调未来应建立和完善土壤动物基因组信息数据库,挖掘土壤动物的功能性状,加强土壤食物网结构和生态功能的研究,建立集成土壤动物物种多样性、功能性状和土壤食物网的指标体系,从而促进土壤健康和生态系统的可持续发展。

Soil fauna play important roles in the maintenance of soil health.Soil biodiversity can sensitively reflect soil disturbances caused by human activities and climate change,and can also influence the above-ground ecosystem through interactions with other below-ground components.Inadequate knowledge on the taxonomy of soil animals as well as the complexity of soil food web greatly limit the research on the linkage between soil fauna and soil health.Thus,we review the recent advances in soil fauna as indicators of soil health,highlight the significance of soil fauna and soil food webs in the maintenance of healthy soil,and propose ways to improve the genome and functional traits database.Soil health assessment that integrates the diversity of soil fauna,functional traits,and soil food web structure is thought to be the most promising,and will promote soil health and sustainable development of the ecosystem.