从管理到治理:基础教育作业治理的内涵、框架与进路

From Management to Governance:Connotation, Framework and Approach of Homework Governance in Elementary Education

作业管理不当或失效是导致基础教育阶段学生作业问题凸显与矛盾激化的重要原因,需要从作业管理走向作业治理。作业治理是“治理”理念在基础教育阶段学生作业领域的具体表现和应用,其提出是对基础教育阶段学生作业场域日益复杂、学校作业实践中新技术和新方法的涌入及基础教育育人目标的调整与转变等现实问题的回应。作业治理的框架可从治理理念、治理主体、治理方式和治理机制等维度进行搭建,在行动中坚持人的全面发展理念、治理主体的多元化、治理方式的互动与精准、治理机制的协商共治。在具体路径选择上应突出制度建设,形成作业治理的长效机制,明确不同主体的角色定位,构建协同治理模式,以技术助力提升作业治理的精准性。

Improper or ineffective homework management is an important reason for the prominence and intensification of students’homework problems in elementary education,which requires us to move from homework management to homework governance.Homework governance is the concrete expression and application of the concept of governance in the field of students’homework in the elementary education stage.It is a response to the practical problems such as the increasing complexity of students’homework field in elementary education,the influx of new technologies and methods in homework practice and the adjustment and transformation of the educational objectives of elementary education.The framework of homework governance can be built from the dimensions of governance ideas,subjects,methods,and mechanisms.In terms of action,we should adhere to the governance idea of all round development of human beings,the diversification of governance subjects,the interaction and accuracy of governance methods,and co-governance and consultations governance mechanisms.The specific implementation approach should highlight the system construction,form a long term mechanism of homework governance,clarify the role of different governance subjects,build a collaborative governance model,and use technology to help improve the accuracy of homework governance.