享受长期护理保险的失能老人及其照护者的获益及需求的现象学研究

Benefit and needs of carers of incapacitated elderly who are under long-term care insurance:a phenomenological study

目的探讨享受长期护理保险失能老人及其照护者的获益及需求。方法采用质性研究的现象学方法,对广州市长期护理保险的60岁以上的疗养者及其照护者采用半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料分析。结果提炼的主题:享受长期护理保险失能老人及其照护者的获益包括减轻经济压力、提高居家照护技巧、缓解老人心理失能、保障出院后回归家庭和社会、解放在职照护者的自由、提高疗养者依从性;享受长期护理保险失能老人及其照护者的需求包括居家护理员培训需人性化考虑、长期护理保险宣传力度不够和建议专业医护远程诊疗协助。结论享受长期护理保险失能老人及其照护者能获得更便捷优质的医疗服务,但也有改善的空间,扩大长期护理保险制度保障范围有利于养老事业的发展,值得推广应用。

Objective To explore the benefits and needs of carers looking after the incapacitated elderly who are under the cover of long-term care insurance.Methods Using the phenomenological method,a semi-structured interview was conducted among the elderly over 60 years of age who are under the cover of long-term care insurance and the carers who look after them in Guangzhou.The acquired data were analysed by Colaizzi seven-step method.Results The themes related to the benefits of the elderly and the carers were abstracted including the reduced financial stress,improved home-based care skills,alleviated the psychological incapability of the elderly,guaranteed the return to families and society after discharge,freed life of the on-duty carers and improved compliance of the elderly,and the themes related to the needs included the needs for humanistic training for those home-based carers and enhanced education for long-term care insurance and assistance of professional distance care and treatment.Conclusions The incapacitated elderly with long-term care insurance as well as their carers both can have access to quality and convenient care services,but the services need improvement.Expanding the coverage of long-term care insurance system is beneficial for the development of elderly pension,which is worth popularising.