实习规章制度现状与重构论略

On the Status Quo and Reconstruction of Internship Rules and Regulations

实习规章制度相比于一般的规章制度更具稀缺性,这既不利于规范实习关系,也不利于保障与救济实习学生的正当权益。我国目前实习规章制度"备案或报批"程序严重缺失,实习规章制度的内容常常"内嵌"于其他制度之中,并且非常抽象,与劳动规章制度之明确性原则相悖;内容设置偏重义务而忽略了权利,关于实习薪酬、实习保险、实习考核评估和实习争议处理等的规定都有待加强。研究认为,重塑实习规章制度形式要件,亟待新增"备案或报批"程序,可以将民主协商融入其他集体协商谈判中,还可以构建单独的实习集体合同或专项实习集体合同,以取代"实习协议"。重构实习规章制度的内容,应当从实习派遣学校和实习单位两大主体分别进行,并特别注意界分实习规章制度、实习协议、集体合同和劳动基准四者的关系。

Compared with general rules and regulations, the internship rules and regulations are relatively scarce, which is not conducive to standardizing the internship relationship, nor is it conducive to protection and relief of the legitimate rights and interests of interns. At present, the content of internship regulations is often "embedded" in other systems and is very abstract due to lack of procedures of "filing or reporting for approval" of internship regulations, which is contrary to the principle of clarity of labor regulations. Moreover, as the content setting emphasizes obligations and neglects rights, thus its regulations such as internship salary, internship insurance, internship assessment and internship dispute handling, etc. are all needed to be strengthened. The study believes that reshaping internship rules and regulations requires an urgent need to add a new "filing or approval" procedure. Moreover, democratic consultation can be integrated into other collective bargaining negotiations, and a separate internship collective contract or special internship collective contract can be constructed to replace the "internship agreement". The restructuring of the internship rules and regulations should be carried out separately from the two main bodies of the internship dispatching school and the internship unit. Special attention should be paid to the relationship among the internship rules and regulations, internship agreements, collective contracts and labor standards.