利益博弈视域下网约车监管困境与政府治理探析

Troubled Position of Online Car-hailing Supervision and Governance in a Game Theory Vision

网约车短时间内的快速发展滋生了一系列公共问题:车辆准入和驾驶员审核不严、政府监管疏漏、平台监管真空等,严重触及公共利益,影响社会的治理与稳定,是当前政府城市治理的重点与难题。博弈模型分析结果表明,政府对网约车行业的监管选择(一般监管与严格监管)影响网约车平台的监管选择(一般监管与严格监管),进一步影响网约车司机的行为(违规进入与合规进入)。在受到各方影响后,他们会各自采取相应策略保证自身利益最大化,在多次调整策略后,达到一个演化的均衡状态。因此,对网约车的监管要以政府监管为主导,同时强化平台、司机的主体责任,协同破解网约车行业监管困境。

The rapid development of online car hailing in a short period of time has bred a series of public problems:lax vehicle access and driver review,lax government supervision,platform supervision vacuum,etc.,which has seriously touched public interests and affected social governance and stability,and is the focus and difficulty of the current government’s urban governance.The results of the game model analysis show that the government's regulatory choice(general supervision and strict supervision)on the online car-hailing industry affects the regulatory choice(general supervision and strict supervision)of the online car-hailing platform,and further affects the behavior of online car-hailing drivers(illegal entry and compliance entry).After being influenced by all parties,they will adopt corresponding strategies to maximize their own interests and reach an evolutionary equilibrium state after adjusting strategies for many times.Therefore,the supervision of online car hailing should be led by government supervision,and the main responsibilities of platforms and drivers should be strengthened to jointly solve the regulatory dilemma of online car hailing industry.