山西高平方言“圪+V”结构分析

A Study on the Structure o“f Ge+V”in Gaoping Dialect in Shanxi Province

“圪”字是山西省方言中1个非常具有代表性的方言词汇,没有词汇意义,只能作为词缀,可以和名词、动词、形容词甚至量词结合。前辈对于“圪”的来源、发音以及与各种词类的结合已经描述得非常详细。此次将研究重点放在“圪”与动词的结合上,以“小三角”理论为支撑,采用实地调查的方法分析“圪+V”结构的所有表现形式及意义。“圪+V”与单纯的“V”有一定的差别,它在动词的基本意义上附加了稍微义、随便义、反复义、尝试义。通过研究高平方言中的这一结构,不仅可以全面了解高平方言,对研究和完善晋语也具有一定的借鉴意义。

“Ge”,a typical dialect word in Shanxi,has no lexical meaning,and can only be used as an affix and combined with nouns,verbs,adjectives and even quantifiers.The predecessors have described in great detail the origin,pronunciation and combination of“Ge”with various parts of speech.Based on the theory of“small triangle”,the paper focuses on the combination of“Ge”and verbs,and studies all the forms and meanings of the structure of“Ge+V”by means of field investigation.Different from“V”,the structure of“Ge+V”adds some minor meaning,casual meaning,repeated meaning and tentative meaning to the basic meaning of the verb.By studying this structure in Gaoping dialect,we can not only understand Gaoping dialect completely,and it can also be used for reference in the study and perfection of Jin dialect.