国家治理的大数据赋能:向度与限度

Big data empowerment in national governance:Value dimension and risk aversion

作为国家治理函数中的重要技术变量,大数据的嵌入能够更为精准地探寻国家治理规则和社会运行规律,从而有利于加强和提升国家治理的效能。大数据赋能国家治理的向度主要体现在两个方面:在国家治理结构方面,助力治理主体走向协同化、治理层级走向扁平化和治理空间走向透明化;在国家治理功能方面,助力政府决策走向科学化、社会治理走向精细化和公共服务走向高效化。然而,作为一种价值中立的技术工具,大数据驱动国家治理的实践也存在着数据主权风险、数据安全风险、数据垄断风险。由此,在运用大数据技术加强和完善国家治理时,我们必须维护数据主权、反对数据霸权;必须维护数据安全、保护数据隐私;必须坚持数据共享、强化数据协同。

As an important technical variable in the state governance function,embedding the big data in the state governance can more accurately explore the rules of state governance and the laws of social operation,thus helping to strengthen and improve the efficiency and capacity of the national governance.The value dimension of big data empowerment in national governance is mainly manifested in the following two aspects.In the structure of national governance,the governance main body can be boosted to move towards the coordination,the governance level towards the flatness and the governance space towards the transparency.In the function of national governance,government decision-making can be boosted to become scientific,social governance fine and public service efficient.However,as a value-neutral technology tool,the practice of big data-driven governance has its own risks in data sovereignty,data security and data monopoly.Therefore,when using big data technology to strengthen and improve national governance,we must maitain data sovereignty and oppose data hegemony,safeguard data security and protect data privacy,insist on data sharing and strengthen data synergy.