从传信范畴到认识情态--对北京话中“光景”和“有信儿”的历时考察

From Evidentiality to Epistemic Modality:A Diachronic Study of the Adverbs“guangjing”(光景)and“youxinr”(有信儿)in Beijing Dialect

本文对北京话认识情态副词“光景”和“有信儿”的来源及历时演变进行了系统考察。前者由视觉传信用法发展而来,后者则由听说传信用法发展而来,语义演变路径均可概括为“(证据)可靠性高>(命题)确定度高”。“有信儿”的听说传信用法强调信息来源可靠,具有一定的类型学价值。

This paper systematically examines the origin and diachronic evolution of the epistemic modality adverbs,“guangjing”(光景)and“youxinr”(有信儿)in Beijing dialect.It indicates that“guangjing”has developed from the visual evidential,while“youxinr”has developed from the hearsay marker.The semantic evolution path of these two markers can be summarized as“(evidence)high reliability>(proposition)high degree of certainty”.The hearsay usage of“youxinr”,which emphasizes the reliability of information sources,has certain typological value.