基于突变理论方法的我国黄河流域土地生态安全评价

Evaluation of ecological security of land in the Yellow River Basin based on catastrophe theory

推进黄河流域生态保护和经济高质量发展,需要抓好水土保持和污染治理,提升水源涵养能力。聚焦黄河流域土地生态安全评价及效率提升问题,构建DPSIR土地生态安全评价指标体系,应用突变理论对2009—2018年黄河流域九省区的土地生态安全水平进行评价。研究发现,黄河流域九省区土地生态安全水平差异较大,内蒙古处于领先地位,河南省排名落后,其余省份居中且相差不大。从时间分布上来看,研究期间内各省区土地生态安全综合评价值总体呈上升趋势;从空间分布来看,黄河上游的土地生态安全表现相对较优,下游次之,中游较差。其原因主要在于城市化人口压力过大、水环境与农业污染严重、土地利用结构不均衡以及治理力度不足等,由此提出了加强水资源优化管理和农业清洁化生产等相关对策建议。

To promote the ecological protection and high-quality economic development in the Yellow River Basin,it is necessary to do a good job in water and soil conservation and pollution control and to improve the capacity of water conservation.The ecological security evaluation of land and the efficiency improvement are considered.The DPSIR index system for the ecological security evaluation of land is established.The catastrophe theory is used to evaluate the ecological security level of land in nine provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin from 2009 to 2018.The results show that the ecological security level of land in the nine provinces and regions varies greatly.The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region takes the lead,Henan Province lags behind,and other provinces and regions are in the middle with little difference.From the perspective of temporal distribution,the comprehensive evaluation values of ecological security of land in all provinces and regions show an upward trend during the research period.In terms of spatial distribution,the performance of ecological security of land in the upper reaches of the Yellow River is relatively the best,followed by that in the lower reaches,and that in the middle reaches is the worst.The main causes are the excessive population pressure,severe water environment and agricultural pollution,imbalanced land use structure and insufficient efforts to control.On this basis,the relevant suggestions are put forward such as strengthening optimization management of water resources and clean production in agriculture.