碳酸氢钠及其固态分解产物对玉米淀粉爆炸抑制实验研究

Experimental study on inhibition of cornstarch dust explosion with sodium bicarbonate and its solid decomposition product

为研究NaHCO_(3)对玉米淀粉爆炸的抑制效果,采用20 L球形爆炸装置测试玉米淀粉在添加不同抑制比NaHCO_(3)及其固态分解产物Na_(2)CO_(3)后爆炸参数变化规律,并分析NaHCO_(3)抑制淀粉爆炸过程。结果表明:NaHCO_(3)及Na_(2)CO_(3)对玉米淀粉爆炸均有抑制作用,NaHCO_(3)抑制效果优于Na_(2)CO_(3);混合粉尘的最大爆炸压力、最大爆炸压力上升速率与爆炸指数随抑制比增大而逐渐减小,爆炸时间随抑制比增大而逐渐延长。随着NaHCO_(3)浓度增加,物理抑制效果逐渐增加,化学抑制效果基本保持不变。NaHCO_(3)浓度不同时,其抑制主导过程不同,当抑制比为0.1~0.5时,NaHCO_(3)抑制效果以化学抑制为主,物理抑制为辅;抑制比为0.8和1.2时,NaHCO_(3)抑制效果以物理抑制为主,化学抑制为辅;当抑制比为1.2时,玉米淀粉爆炸完全被NaHCO_(3)抑制,此时物理抑制起主导作用。

To investigate the inhibition effect of NaHCO_(3) on the cornstarch dust explosion,the change laws of the explosion parameters of cornstarch with addition NaHCO_(3) and its solid decomposition product Na_(2)CO_(3) at various inhibition ratios were tested by using a 20 L spherical explosion device,and the inhibition processes of NaHCO_(3) on the cornstarch dust explosion were also analyzed.The results showed that the cornstarch dust explosion could be inhibited by NaHCO_(3) and Na_(2)CO_(3),and the inhibition effect of NaHCO_(3) was better than that of Na_(2)CO_(3).The maximum explosion pressure,maximum explosion pressure rising rate and explosion index of aluminum/NaHCO_(3) and aluminum/Na_(2)CO_(3) gradually decreased with the increase of inert ratio,and the explosion time was prolonged by the increase of inert ratio.With the increase of NaHCO_(3) concentration,the physical inhibition effect increased gradually,while the chemical inhibition effect basically remained unchanged.The dominant processes of inhibition were different at various concentrations of NaHCO_(3).When the inhibition ratio was 0.1~0.5,the inhibition effect of NaHCO_(3) was mainly the chemical inhibition,and the physical inhibition was supplementary.When the inhibition ratio was 0.8 and 1.2,the inhibition effect of NaHCO_(3) was mainly the physical inhibition,and the chemical inhibition was supplementary.When the inhibition ratio was 1.2,the cornstarch dust explosion was completely inhibited by NaHCO_(3),and the physical inhibition played a leading role.