河北地方鸡羽色候选基因SOX10、SLC45A2和Tyr变异研究

Study on variation of the plumage color candidate genes SOX10, SLC45A2 and Tyr in Hebei indigenous chicken breeds

为了解河北地方鸡种的羽色遗传资源特征,检测羽色基因位点在不同品种鸡的分布情况,本试验通过PCR以及PCR-SSCP检测发现,90%以上的太行鸡和坝上长尾鸡与海兰褐和海兰灰祖代鸡一样,其SOX10基因上游有8.3 kb序列插入,表现红色野生型羽色特征;而白来航鸡主要为缺失型,具有深棕羽色基因型基础。太行鸡和海兰灰与白来航的SLC45A2基因外显子3的A/G突变位点为G等位基因,具有银羽基因遗传基础;而坝上长尾鸡主要为A等位基因,具有金羽基因遗传基础。46.0%的坝上长尾鸡和16.7%的太行鸡Tyr基因有7.7 kb病毒插入,存在白羽遗传基础,而祖代海兰褐、白来航和海兰灰的插入阳性率较低。综上所述河北省地方品种中存在丰富的羽色基因库,有筛选培育各种羽色品系的遗传基础。

To understand the characteristics of feather color genetic resources of Hebei local chicken breeds, the distribution of feather color gene loci in different breeds of chickens was examined. Through PCR and PCR-SSCP analysis, we found that more than 90% of Taihang and Bashang Long Tail chickens had 8.3 kb sequence insertions in the upstream of the SOX10 gene, showing red wild-type plumage characteristics, which was the same as the introduced HY-line brown and HY-line grey ancestor chickens, while the White Leghorn chickens were mainly the deleted type, showing dark brown-type plumage characteristics. The A/G mutation site in exon 3 of the SLC45 A2 gene in Taihang and HY-line grey and White Leghorn was the G allele with a genetic basis for silver plumage, while the Bashang Long Tail chickens were mainly the A allele with a genetic basis for golden plumage. 46.0% of Bashang Long Tail chickens and 16.7% of Taihang chickens had a 7.7 kb viral insertion in the Tyr gene with a genetic basis for white plumage, while the positive insertion rate was lower in HY-line brown, White Leghorn and HY-line grey chickens. It shows that there are rich genetic basis for colorful feather in Hebei local chickens, which can be used to breed strains with various colors.