导电纱线的制备及其在智能可穿戴装置中的应用研究进展

Research progress in preparation of conductive yarn and its application in smart wearable devices

随着电子信息技术的发展和人们对便捷生活的追求,智能柔性可穿戴装置受到越来越多的关注,并取得相关研究成果。在智能可穿戴装置的发展中,柔性导电材料起着至关重要的作用。导电纱线作为最基础的柔性导电纺织材料,广泛应用于智能可穿戴产品中。然而,传统的纺织材料通常是绝缘材料,不能直接形成导电纱线和智能可穿戴产品。本文重点介绍金属基导电纱线、碳基导电纱线、导电聚合物基导电纱线的制备方法以及在可穿戴应变传感器、可穿戴超级电容器、可穿戴电热装置等方面的应用研究进展,客观分析近年来导电纱线亟待解决的问题,主要包括提高导电纱线的导电性、柔性以及环境稳定性等。此外,针对智能可穿戴装置所需的方便性、舒适性、耐洗性、灵敏性,提出进一步优化柔性导电纱线的灵敏性、耐久性以及纺织材料与导电材料的结合方法是可穿戴柔性智能产品的主要发展方向。

With the development of electronic information technology and people’s pursuit of convenient life,smart flexible wearable devices have attracted the attention of many scholars.In the development of smart wearable devices,flexible conductive materials play a vital role.As the most basic flexible conductive textile material,conductive yarn is widely used in smart wearable products.However,most traditional textile materials are insulating materials and cannot directly form conductive yarns and smart wearable products.The preparation methods and application research progress of metal-based conductive yarns,carbon-based conductive yarns,and conductive polymer-based conductive yarns,as well as the application research progress in wearable strain sensors,wearable supercapacitors,wearable electric heating devices and other aspects were introduced.The problems that need to be solved in the research of conductive yarns in recent years were analyzed,mainly including improving the conductivity,flexibility and environmental stability of conductive yarns.In addition,in view of the convenience,comfort,washing durability,and sensitivity required by smart wearable devices,it was proposed that the sensitivity,durability of flexible conductive yarn and the combination of textile materials and conductive materials have become the main development of wearable flexibles smart product.