有序PEO/PHB核壳超细纤维的制备及性能

Preparation and properties of ordered core(PEO)-shell(PHB)microfiber

以聚氧乙烯(PEO)/氯仿溶剂为核层纺丝液,聚β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)/氯仿溶剂为壳层纺丝液,通过同轴静电纺丝技术和高速旋转接收辊制备了有序排列的PEO/PHB核壳超细纤维。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析仪(TGA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和动态热机械分析仪(DMA)对制备的PEO/PHB核壳超细纤维膜的表面形貌、核壳结构、热性能、结晶性能和力学性能进行表征。结果表明:实验制备的PEO/PHB纤维具有显著的核壳结构,纤维排列有序,纤维平均直径为0.57~1.27μm;PEO/PHB核壳超细纤维晶体结构中含有组分PHB的α型晶体和组分PEO的单斜晶体;增加纺丝电压,纤维直径减小,结晶度先增大后减小;增加推注速度,纤维直径增大,结晶度先增大后减小;增加收集距离,纤维直径先减小后增大,结晶度先增加后减小。改变单一纺丝条件,在纺丝电压18 kV或推注速度0.07 mm/min或收集距离8 cm的条件下所制备的纤维膜均具有较高的力学性能;与纯PHB纤维和纯PEO纤维比较,有序排列PEO/PHB核壳超细纤维中各组分热学稳定性均有所提高。

Ordered core(PEO)-shell(PHB)microfibers were prepared by coaxial electrostatic spinning technology and high-speed rotating receiving roller with polyoxyethylene(PEO)/chloroform solvent as core spinning solution and poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB)/chloroform solvent as shell spinning solution.The surface morphology,core-shell structure,thermal properties,crystallization properties and mechanical properties of core(PEO)-shell(PHB)microfiber film were characterized and analyzed by SEM,TEM,DSC,TGA,XRD and DMA.The results show that PEO/PHB microfiber has remarkable core-shell structure;fiber arranges in the same direction and the average diameter are 0.57-1.27μm;the crystal structure of core(PEO)-shell(PHB)microfiber includesα-type crystal of PHB and monoclinic crystal of PEO;when the spinning voltage is increased,the diameter of the fiber decreases,and the crystallinity increases first and then decreases;the fiber diameter increases with the increase of injection speed,and the crystallinity first increases and then decreases;with the increase of the collection distance,the fiber diameter first decreases and then increases,and the crystallinity first increases and then decreases.By changing the single spinning condition,the corresponding fiber films with the spinning voltage of 18 kV,the push velocity of 0.07 mm/min and the collection distance of 8 cm all have high mechanical properties.Compared with pure PHB fiber and PEO fiber,the thermal stability of each component in ordered core(PEO)-shell(PHB)microfiber is improved.